Percale and sateen are weave structures, not cotton species. Either can be made from different fibers and yarn qualities, so the useful comparison begins with construction.
Percale structure
Percale normally uses a balanced plain weave. Its frequent interlacing can create a crisp hand and a matte appearance.
Sateen structure
Sateen uses longer floats on the face. This often creates a smoother surface, more sheen and a softer drape, while changing snagging and abrasion behavior.
Comfort and care
Climate, body temperature, finish, fabric weight and laundering all affect comfort. Manufacturer care instructions are more reliable than a universal rule based only on weave name.
Choose by preference
Select percale when you value a crisp, matte character. Consider sateen when you prefer a smoother hand and more fluid drape. Then evaluate the actual product’s weight, seams, finish and return policy.